Allah, The Greatest, says
Dear brothers, to begin with, there is a tangible knowledge that we achieve by senses, that we know the substantial things by senses; and there is a mental knowledge that needs to material effects in order that brain obtains the essences of things. So, if the selfsame and effects of an object have appeared, it would be recognized by the five senses, and that is the tangible certitude; but if the object's selfsame has disappeared, and its effects have remained, it would be recognized by the mind, and that is the mental insight.
On the other hand, if the object has been originally hidden for us, and it has no effects, the five senses would not be able to recognize it; also the mind would not be able to recognize it, because it has no effects, that is the informative certitude.
This distinction is precise, as things which had been embodied have a mass, each one of them has a weight, a shape, a color, a smell, a space, a length, a width, and a height; these things are sensory, that we recognize them through the five senses. On the other hand, if we have seen a smoke behind the wall, our mind would think that there is no smoke without fire; so, the mind felt the effects of fire which are the smoke, therefore, it acknowledged with the existence of fire through the effects of it, and concluded that there is no smoke without a fire; so, there is a fire behind the wall.
On the other hand, if the object has been originally hidden for us, and it has no effects, the five senses would not be able to recognize it; also the mind would not be able to recognize it, because it has no effects, that is the informative certitude.
This distinction is precise, as things which had been embodied have a mass, each one of them has a weight, a shape, a color, a smell, a space, a length, a width, and a height; these things are sensory, that we recognize them through the five senses. On the other hand, if we have seen a smoke behind the wall, our mind would think that there is no smoke without fire; so, the mind felt the effects of fire which are the smoke, therefore, it acknowledged with the existence of fire through the effects of it, and concluded that there is no smoke without a fire; so, there is a fire behind the wall.
We cannot see the electricity by eyes, but we see the lamps shining, the amplification of sound, and the movement of fans indicates that there is an electric power; so, this is the mental knowledge, which must depend on sensories, and sensorial effects; but if there were no sensorial effects, it would not be mental knowledge, because the mind depends on the impact, then it decides through that impact on the influential, in another words, the mind finds the system, and discovers the organizer, it finds the propulsion and recognizes the impeller, it finds the wisdom and realizes the wise, it finds the effects of science and knows the omniscient, and it finds the effects of capacity and knows the all-able; that is the mind.
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